The Dominican Republic, a vibrant Caribbean nation, occupies the eastern two-thirds of the island of Hispaniola, sharing its western border with Haiti. Renowned for its stunning beaches, luxurious resorts, and rich culture, it’s a sought-after destination for travelers worldwide. However, like any country, it’s essential for visitors to be informed and prepared to ensure a safe and enjoyable trip. This comprehensive guide provides crucial safety and security information for anyone planning to visit the Dominican Republic.
Safety and Security in the Dominican Republic
Exercise a High Degree of Caution
The Dominican Republic advises travelers to exercise a high degree of caution due to prevalent crime rates. While many visits are trouble-free, being aware of potential risks and taking preventative measures is crucial for your safety and peace of mind.
Border with Haiti
It is important to note that land and sea borders with Haiti are currently closed to travelers. Attempting to enter the Dominican Republic from Haiti is not advisable, and consular assistance in such situations may be limited.
The border region, particularly around Dajabón, is known for its unpredictable security situation. Disturbances and incidents, sometimes involving violence, are not uncommon. Emergency services in these areas may be unreliable or unavailable.
If travel near the Haitian border is unavoidable:
- Keep your passport readily accessible at all times.
- Avoid travel after nightfall.
- Stay informed about the current situation by monitoring local news outlets.
- Adhere to instructions given by local authorities and security personnel.
General Directorate of Migration – Government of the Dominican Republic
Crime: A Significant Concern
Crime is a pervasive issue throughout the Dominican Republic, especially in major urban centers. This includes both petty theft and violent crime.
Unfortunately, the local police response, particularly outside of tourist hotspots and resort areas, can be slow and ineffective.
Petty Crime: Common and Opportunistic
Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and bag-snatching, is widespread. Tourists are frequently targeted by thieves.
Opportunistic crime is rampant. Thieves may attempt to steal visible cash, valuables, or even phones directly from your hands. Crime rates tend to escalate during holiday periods.
Incidents of petty crime are reported in various locations:
- Resorts and hotels, including within private rooms and even room safes.
- Cars, especially rental vehicles.
- Beaches.
- Airports.
- Bus stations.
- Public transportation.
Drive-by robberies are a common tactic. Thieves on motorcycles, scooters, or bicycles snatch bags and valuables from pedestrians. They may even reach into stopped vehicles, including taxis at traffic lights, to steal belongings.
At airports, checked baggage in departure areas can also be targeted by thieves.
To minimize your risk of petty crime:
- Choose hotels or resorts with robust security measures.
- Ensure your personal belongings, including passports and travel documents, are always secure.
- Carry only small amounts of cash and avoid displaying signs of wealth.
- Keep electronic devices like cell phones, tablets, laptops, and cameras concealed.
- Keep car doors locked, windows rolled up, and valuables out of sight.
- Do not pack valuables in checked luggage.
Violent Crime: A Serious Threat
Violent crime, occasionally targeting foreigners, does occur. Incidents are more frequent after dark and in larger cities.
Reported incidents include:
- Armed robberies.
- Assaults.
- Burglaries.
Criminals have been known to target vehicles for armed robberies on roads, particularly at night. It is highly recommended to arrange your arrival and departure from the Dominican Republic during daylight hours.
During your stay, take these precautions to reduce the risk of violent crime:
- Stay in reputable hotels or resorts with good security.
- Be constantly aware of your surroundings.
- Keep car doors locked and windows up, especially when stopped at traffic lights.
- Avoid walking alone in unpopulated areas or on unpatrolled beaches after dark.
- If confronted by a threat, surrender your valuables and do not resist.
Sexual Assault: A Disturbing Reality
Reports of sexual assault and rape, including incidents within major resorts and hotels, are concerning. In some cases, resort and hotel employees have been implicated.
If you become a victim of sexual assault or any other crime, it is crucial to report it immediately to the nearest Canadian government office. You should also file a formal report with Dominican authorities. Criminal investigations cannot proceed unless a formal complaint is lodged with local authorities before you leave the country.
To minimize your risk of sexual assault:
- Avoid secluded areas, even within resorts and hotel grounds.
- Exercise caution when interacting with strangers or new acquaintances.
- Be wary of accepting rides or other invitations from strangers.
- Avoid using public transportation or walking alone at night.
More information on reporting a crime in the Dominican Republic
Fraud: Various Forms to be Aware Of
Credit, Debit, and ATM Card Fraud: A Pervasive Issue
Credit and debit card fraud, as well as ATM scams, are common occurrences. Card reader tampering, or skimming, is a frequent tactic. Businesses may attempt to steal your card information when you make legitimate purchases using compromised card readers. Exercise extreme caution when using debit or credit cards.
To protect yourself from card fraud:
- Shield the keypad with your hand when entering your PIN.
- Pay close attention when others are handling your cards.
- Avoid using card readers that appear irregular or unusual in any way.
- Use ATMs located in secure public areas or inside reputable banks or businesses.
- Regularly check your account statements for any unauthorized transactions.
Unethical Lawyers: “Pirate Lawyers”
Unscrupulous lawyers, known locally as “pirate lawyers,” operate in tourist areas, especially in Punta Cana. They often wait near tourist police stations and offer legal services to detained foreigners, charging exorbitant fees for often ineffective assistance.
The Embassy of Canada in Santo Domingo can provide a list of reputable lawyers if needed.
Cybercrime: An Increasing Threat
Cybercrime, malware attacks, and online extortion are on the rise.
Public Wi-Fi networks can be compromised by criminals to steal personal data or credit card information. Social media and even phone conversations may be monitored.
Romance scams through dating sites and social media platforms are also reported.
To protect yourself from cybercrime:
- Be cautious about the information and photos you share on social media.
- Use your own USB adapter or carry an extra battery pack to avoid using public charging stations.
- Use secure, private Wi-Fi networks whenever possible.
- Be wary of individuals who show excessive interest in you online.
- Recognize the potential for scams when meeting online acquaintances in person in the Dominican Republic.
- Avoid discussing travel plans or personal information within earshot of strangers.
Useful links
Spiked Food, Drinks, and Other Items: A Hidden Danger
Never leave food or drinks unattended or in the care of strangers. Be cautious about accepting snacks, beverages, gum, or cigarettes from new acquaintances. These items could be laced with drugs, putting you at risk of sexual assault and robbery.
Harassment: Various Forms
Individuals, including women and 2SLGBTQI+ persons, have reported experiencing harassment or verbal abuse. Online abuse and harassment, including threats of violence, also occur.
Avoid traveling alone, especially at night, to minimize the risk of harassment.
Useful links
Demonstrations and Strikes: Potential Disruptions
Demonstrations and protests occur periodically throughout the Dominican Republic, particularly in Santo Domingo. Resort areas are less frequently affected.
Even peaceful demonstrations can turn violent unexpectedly. They can also cause disruptions to traffic and public transportation.
If demonstrations occur:
- Avoid areas where demonstrations or large gatherings are taking place.
- Follow instructions from local authorities.
- Monitor local media for updates on ongoing demonstrations.
Mass gatherings (large-scale events)
Adventure Tourism: Safety Considerations
Outdoor activities like kayaking, scuba diving, snorkeling, and extreme sports can be inherently dangerous.
The tourism industry in the Dominican Republic is not as strictly regulated as in some countries. Tour operators may not adhere to Canadian safety standards, and staff may lack adequate training or certifications. Routine inspections of facilities and equipment by local authorities may be infrequent. Many destinations have hazards that are not clearly identified or marked.
If participating in adventure tourism activities:
- Purchase comprehensive travel insurance that covers incidents related to these types of activities.
- Ensure your physical condition is suitable for the planned activity’s challenges.
- Verify you have appropriate and well-maintained equipment and bring sufficient water.
- Monitor weather conditions and be aware of potential hazards.
- Avoid using equipment if you have any doubts about its condition or safety.
Water Activities: Risks in Coastal Waters
Swimming: Coastal Dangers
Coastal waters in the Dominican Republic can be hazardous. Always heed the instructions and warnings issued by local authorities.
Lifeguard and rescue services may not meet Canadian standards. Many beaches have limited or no lifeguards on duty. Drowning incidents occur every year.
To swim safely:
- Only swim in designated areas.
- Maintain a safe distance from boats and restricted zones.
- Always respect warning flags indicating dangerous conditions.
- Consult locals and tour operators for information about potential hazards, dangerous marine life, and safe swimming areas.
- Never dive in unfamiliar waters, as hidden rocks or shallow depths can cause serious injury or death.
- Follow the instructions of local authorities.
Riptides: A Significant Hazard
Tidal changes and strong winds can generate dangerous riptides.
Water safety abroad
Roads: Varying Safety Standards
Road Safety: Accidents are Frequent
Road safety standards across the Dominican Republic can vary significantly. Accidents are common. Consider hiring a licensed professional driver if you plan to travel extensively by road.
Pedestrians do not have the right-of-way, even at traffic lights. Be extremely vigilant and alert when crossing streets, particularly in Santo Domingo. Local authorities treat serious car accidents as criminal investigations. If you are involved in an accident, you are required to report it to the police.
If you receive a traffic ticket, you are not obligated to pay it on the spot. Fines can be paid on the website of the Office of the Attorney General.
Useful links
Road Conditions: Variable Quality
Road conditions and overall road safety can vary greatly throughout the country. Major highways connecting cities and tourist areas are generally in acceptable condition but may lack proper maintenance in rural areas. Many roads do not have lane markings.
Driving hazards include:
- Unmarked speed bumps.
- Potholes.
- Animals and livestock on roads.
- Insufficient lighting.
- Traffic congestion, especially on weekends and holidays.
- Vehicles traveling in the wrong direction.
Driving Habits: Often Reckless
Drivers in the Dominican Republic do not always adhere to traffic laws. Speeding, aggressive driving, and reckless behavior are common. Driving under the influence of alcohol is also prevalent.
Heavy traffic, drunk driving, and accidents are more frequent during peak holiday periods like Christmas and Easter.
If you choose to drive:
- Always drive defensively and anticipate unpredictable actions from other drivers.
- Plan your route in advance, especially if traveling to rural areas.
- Travel in groups during daylight hours.
- Carry a cell phone and charger.
- Refuel your gas tank before embarking on journeys, particularly in remote areas.
- Keep car doors locked and windows closed at all times.
Roadblocks: Commonplace
Military and police roadblocks are common, especially in regions near the Haitian border. Be prepared to present identification at these checkpoints.
Public Transportation: Variable Reliability
Buses: Exercise Caution
Public buses can be unreliable. Opt for private intercity buses operated by reputable tour companies. Avoid using open-door microbuses, known as “gua-guas” or “carros publicos,” as these services are often unregulated and poorly maintained.
Ride-Share Services: Available in Cities
Ride-sharing services are available in major cities and popular tourist destinations.
If using ride-sharing apps:
- Verify the driver’s identity and license plate before entering the vehicle.
- Utilize the security features within the ride-share app.
Taxis: Negotiate Fares
Taxis are typically not metered. Pre-arrange airport pickups with your hotel upon arrival. At airports, only use taxis from official stands. If unsure about a taxi’s legitimacy, seek assistance from an airport information desk.
During your stay, when using taxis:
- Utilize reputable taxi companies booked through hotels or ride-sharing services.
- Never share a taxi with strangers.
- Avoid using or renting motorcycle taxis (“motoconchos”).
- Negotiate the fare with the driver before starting your journey.
Air Travel: Domestic Airline Safety
Assessments regarding the compliance of foreign domestic airlines with international safety standards are not conducted.
Information about foreign domestic airlines
Entry and Exit Requirements for the Dominican Republic
Each country determines its own entry and exit regulations. The Government of Canada cannot intervene on your behalf if you fail to meet these requirements.
The information provided here is based on information from Dominican Republic authorities but is subject to change at any time.
Always verify the most up-to-date information with Foreign Representatives in Canada.
Passport Validity
Entry requirements are dependent on the type of passport you are using.
Confirm passport requirements with your transportation provider as their rules regarding passport validity might be stricter than the country’s entry regulations.
Regular Canadian Passport
Your passport must be valid for a minimum of 6 months beyond your intended date of arrival in the Dominican Republic.
Passport for Official Travel
Different entry regulations may apply for official travel.
Passport with “X” Gender Identifier
While Canadian passports can have an “X” gender identifier, entry and transit through other countries cannot be guaranteed. Countries that do not recognize the “X” identifier may impose entry restrictions. Check with the nearest foreign representative of your destination before traveling.
Other Travel Documents
Different entry rules may apply when traveling with temporary or emergency travel documents. Consult the nearest foreign representative of your destination before your trip.
Useful links
Visas: Requirements for Entry
- Tourist visa: Not required for stays up to 30 days.
- Work visa: Required.
- Student visa: Required.
- Residence visa: Required.
Other Entry Requirements
Upon entering the Dominican Republic, you may need to demonstrate sufficient funds to cover your stay. You will also be required to provide the address where you will be staying.
Customs officials may request to see proof of a return or onward travel ticket.
Entry requirements – Government of Dominican Republic
E-Ticket: Mandatory Digital Form
You are required to complete an electronic form, or E-ticket, for both entry and exit from the country. A new E-ticket is needed for each trip to the Dominican Republic. This form must be completed before boarding your flight. A digital or printed copy of your E-ticket code can be presented to customs officials at the airport.
The E-ticket does not replace the Tourist Card.
Electronic ticket for entry and exit – Government of the Dominican Republic
Tourist Card: Included in Airfare
If entering the Dominican Republic by air, the cost of the tourist card is usually included in your airline ticket. If entering by sea, you can purchase the card from the General Directorate of Internal Taxes at your point of entry.
Extension and Overstay of Stay
You can apply for a stay extension for up to 120 days. Requests for extension must be made to the Dominican Directorate General for Migration in Santo Domingo after arrival and before your tourist card expires.
Overstaying your tourist card or extension can result in deportation or denial of re-entry in the future.
Useful links
Drug Screening Upon Departure
You may be subjected to drug screening when leaving the country. Authorities may search your luggage and ask you to sign a document, in Spanish, confirming the search was conducted according to procedure. In some cases, an X-ray may be requested.
Children and Travel
Learn more about travelling with children.
Yellow Fever Vaccination
Check potential entry requirements related to yellow fever (vaccines section).
Health Information for Travelers to the Dominican Republic
Relevant Travel Health Notices
This section provides information and advice regarding potential health risks during your trip. Following this advice can significantly reduce your chances of illness. However, this is not an exhaustive list of all potential risks.
Consult your healthcare provider or a travel health clinic ideally 6 weeks before your trip for personalized health advice. Even if your departure is imminent, an appointment is still beneficial.
Routine Vaccinations
Ensure your routine vaccinations are up-to-date before any travel, regardless of your destination.
These may include vaccinations for measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), polio, varicella (chickenpox), meningococcal disease, seasonal flu, and others.
Provincial and Territorial Immunization Information
Pre-Travel Vaccines and Medications
When traveling to the Dominican Republic, you may be at risk for diseases preventable through vaccines or medications. Discuss with a travel health provider which are recommended based on your specific travel plans.
The information below highlights potential vaccine requirements for entry or exit and other health considerations.
Hepatitis A
There is a risk of hepatitis A in the Dominican Republic. Hepatitis A is a liver disease transmitted through contaminated food or water, food prepared by infected individuals, or close physical contact. Casual contact does not typically spread the virus.
Practice safe food and water precautions and wash your hands frequently. Vaccination is recommended for all travelers to areas with hepatitis A risk.
Yellow Fever – Country Entry Requirements
Yellow fever is caused by a virus transmitted through infected mosquito bites.
Vaccination may be required for entry to certain countries or recommended for personal protection.
Risk in Dominican Republic:
- There is currently no risk of yellow fever in the Dominican Republic.
Country Entry Requirement*
- Proof of yellow fever vaccination is required if arriving from certain states in Brazil, including travelers who have transited for more than 12 hours through airports in those states.
Recommendation:
- Yellow fever vaccination is not routinely recommended for travelers to the Dominican Republic unless the specific entry requirement applies.
Yellow Fever Vaccination Centres in Canada* Country entry requirements may not fully reflect your individual risk of yellow fever. Contact the nearest diplomatic or consular office of your destination to verify any additional entry requirements.
Measles
Measles is a highly contagious viral disease spread through direct contact and airborne droplets.
Unprotected individuals are at risk of measles infection when traveling internationally.
Consult a healthcare professional before travel to ensure you are fully protected against measles, regardless of your destination.
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B poses a risk in all destinations. It is a viral liver disease transmitted through blood and bodily fluids. Travelers exposed to blood or bodily fluids (e.g., sexual contact, medical treatment, shared needles, tattoos, acupuncture, occupational exposure) are at higher risk.
Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all travelers. Prevent hepatitis B infection by practicing safe sex, using only sterile drug equipment, and ensuring tattoos and piercings are done in regulated and hygienic settings.
COVID-19
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a contagious viral illness spread through direct contact and airborne droplets.
Completing a COVID-19 vaccine series and recommended booster doses before traveling is advised for all eligible travelers. Vaccines are highly effective in preventing severe illness, hospitalization, and death from COVID-19. While vaccination offers strong protection, infection risk still exists. Unvaccinated individuals have a higher risk of infection and severe illness when traveling internationally.
Verify your destination’s COVID-19 vaccination entry/exit requirements before travel. Consult a healthcare professional to ensure adequate COVID-19 protection, regardless of your destination.
Influenza (Flu)
Annual vaccination is the best way to protect against seasonal influenza. Get the flu shot at least 2 weeks before traveling.
The flu is present worldwide.
- Northern Hemisphere flu season: November to April.
- Southern Hemisphere flu season: April to October.
- Tropics: Flu activity year-round.
Flu vaccines in one hemisphere may offer limited protection in the other.
The flu virus spreads through coughing, sneezing, or touching contaminated surfaces. Practice frequent handwashing and wear a mask if you have fever or respiratory symptoms.
Malaria
Malaria is a serious, potentially fatal disease caused by parasites transmitted through mosquito bites. Malaria risk exists in certain areas and seasons in the Dominican Republic.
Antimalarial medication may be recommended based on your itinerary and travel time. Consult a healthcare professional or travel health clinic 6 weeks before travel, or as soon as possible before departure, to discuss options. Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times:
- Cover skin and use approved insect repellent on exposed skin.
- Use screens and closed doors/windows to keep mosquitoes out of living areas.
- Use insecticide-treated bed nets if mosquito exclusion is not possible.
- Wear permethrin-treated clothing.
If you develop symptoms resembling malaria during or up to a year after travel, seek immediate medical attention and inform them of your travel history.
Rabies
Rabies is present in the Dominican Republic, commonly carried by dogs and some wildlife like bats. Rabies is fatal and spreads through bites or scratches from infected animals. Take precautions while traveling: avoid contact with animals (including stray dogs), and supervise children closely.
If bitten or scratched by an animal, wash the wound immediately with soap and water and seek medical attention. Rabies treatment may be limited or unavailable in the Dominican Republic, potentially requiring return to Canada for treatment.
Discuss rabies vaccination with a healthcare professional before travel, especially if you are at high risk (veterinarians, wildlife workers, children, adventure travelers, spelunkers, those in close animal contact).
Safe Food and Water Practices
Consuming contaminated food or water, or swimming in polluted water can cause illness. Follow these precautions:
- Boil it, cook it, peel it, or leave it – only eat safely prepared food.
- Avoid getting water in eyes, mouth, or nose when swimming in freshwater (streams, lakes, canals), especially after rain or flooding.
- Avoid swallowing water when bathing, showering, swimming in pools, or using hot tubs.
Eat and drink safely abroad
Cholera
Risk:
Cholera risk exists in parts of the Dominican Republic. Most travelers have very low risk.
Practice safe food and water precautions to protect against cholera.
Higher risk travelers include:
- Those visiting, working, or living in areas with limited safe food, water, and sanitation.
- Those visiting areas with cholera outbreaks.
Vaccination may be recommended for high-risk travelers; discuss with a healthcare professional.
Travelers’ Diarrhea
Travelers’ diarrhea is the most common travel-related illness, caused by contaminated food or water.
Risk increases in areas with poor hygiene and sanitation. Practice safe food and water precautions.
Rehydration (drinking plenty of fluids) is crucial treatment. Carry oral rehydration salts when traveling.
Typhoid
Typhoid is a bacterial infection spread by contaminated food or water. Risk is higher for children, rural travelers, those visiting friends and relatives, and long-term travelers.
Vaccination is recommended for travelers visiting regions with typhoid risk, especially those exposed to poor sanitation.
Salmonellosis
Salmonellosis is common among travelers to the Dominican Republic, spread through contaminated food and beverages like raw or undercooked poultry, eggs, fruits, and vegetables.
Practice safe food and water precautions, including eating only properly cooked and hot food.
Pregnant women, children under 5, adults over 60, and those with weakened immune systems are at higher risk of severe illness.
Most people recover with rehydration. Severe symptoms require medical consultation.
Tick and Insect Bite Prevention
Many diseases are transmitted through bites from infected ticks and insects (mosquitoes, fleas, flies). Learn about local ticks/insects, their activity periods, and diseases they carry before traveling.
Protect yourself from bites:
- Use approved bug spray (insect repellent) on exposed skin.
- Wear light-colored, loose clothing of tightly woven materials (nylon, polyester).
- Wear socks and closed-toe shoes.
- Sleep under mosquito netting if outdoors or in unenclosed spaces.
- Perform full body tick checks on yourself, children, gear, and pets after outdoor activities.
Insect bite and pest prevention Personal insect repellents
Chikungunya
Chikungunya risk exists in the Dominican Republic, varying by season, year, region, and elevation.
The chikungunya virus spreads through infected mosquito bites, causing fever and joint pain, which can be severe and long-lasting.
Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times.
Learn more:
Insect bite and pest prevention Chikungunya
Dengue
Dengue is a risk to travelers in the Dominican Republic, a viral disease spread by mosquito bites.
- Dengue causes flu-like symptoms and can lead to severe, potentially fatal dengue.
- Dengue risk varies seasonally, yearly, regionally, and by elevation.
- Dengue-carrying mosquitoes bite primarily during daytime, especially around sunrise and sunset.
- Protect yourself from mosquito bites. No vaccine or preventative medication is available in Canada.
Learn more: Dengue Insect bite and pest prevention
Zika Virus
Zika virus is a risk in the Dominican Republic.
Zika primarily spreads through infected mosquito bites and can be sexually transmitted. Zika can cause severe birth defects.
During your trip:
- Prevent mosquito bites at all times.
- Use condoms correctly or avoid sexual contact, especially if pregnant.
Pregnant women or those planning pregnancy should discuss Zika risks with their healthcare provider and consider postponing travel.
For more information: Zika virus: Pregnant or planning a pregnancy.
Oropouche Virus Disease
Oropouche virus disease is caused by the Oropouche virus, spread by infected midges (no-see-ums) and possibly mosquitoes. Symptoms include fever, headache, joint/muscle pain, chills, nausea, and vomiting. Aseptic meningitis may occur in some cases.
Most travelers have low risk. However, potential transmission from pregnant individuals to unborn babies raises concerns about stillbirth and developmental issues.
Pregnant individuals or those planning pregnancy should discuss Oropouche virus risks with their healthcare provider and consider extra caution or avoiding travel to affected areas.
Protect yourself from midge and mosquito bites. No vaccine or medication protects against Oropouche virus disease.
Insect bite and pest prevention
Animal Precautions
Some infections (rabies, bird flu) spread from animals to humans. Certain activities increase animal contact:
- Rural/forested area travel.
- Camping, hiking, caving.
- Visiting live animal markets.
Reduce risk by avoiding contact with stray dogs, livestock, monkeys, snakes, rodents, birds, and bats. Avoid undercooked meat.
Supervise children closely to prevent animal contact.
Person-to-Person Infections
Reduce the risk of respiratory infections (flu, COVID-19) by:
- Staying in your accommodation and limiting contact if sick.
- Wearing a well-fitting mask, especially if sick or in crowded indoor settings.
- Frequent handwashing with soap and water (20+ seconds) or hand sanitizer (60%+ alcohol).
- Covering coughs and sneezes with tissue or elbow, not hands.
Mass gatherings (large-scale events) Clean your hands to help reduce the spread of infectious diseases Respiratory infectious diseases: How to reduce the spread with personal protective measures
Lower STI, HIV, and mpox risk by:
- Getting vaccinated against mpox if eligible.
- Limiting sexual partners.
- Using protection during sexual activity (condoms, dental dams).
Mpox vaccines Sexual health and travel HIV and AIDS: Travel health advice
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial lung infection.
TB risk is low for most travelers.
High-risk travelers in TB-risk regions should discuss pre- and post-travel options with a healthcare professional.
High-risk travelers include those visiting prisons, refugee camps, homeless shelters, hospitals, or visiting friends and relatives.
HIV
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) weakens the immune system, leading to AIDS.
High-risk activities involve contact with blood or body fluids: unprotected sex, unsterilized needles (medications, drugs, tattoos, piercings, acupuncture).
Medical Services and Facilities
Quality healthcare is mainly available in major cities, varying significantly across the country.
Public clinics and hospitals can be overcrowded and lack supplies and equipment. Not all medical staff speak English or French.
Medical facilities may require upfront payment. Private facilities may also request advance payment or proof of insurance before treatment.
Ambulances are unreliable in most areas, more available in major cities and tourist areas: Santo Domingo, Santiago, Punta Cana, Puerto Plata.
Private hospitals and clinics are better equipped than public ones, but overcharging and unnecessary hospital stays have been reported.
Be cautious of in-house resort doctors, who may be contracted by private hospitals and use aggressive sales tactics with hidden costs.
If hospitalized:
- Inquire about fees before treatment.
- Inform administrators of overcharging concerns.
- Request English/French assistance from guest services.
Get travel insurance covering medical evacuation and hospital stays.
Health and safety outside Canada
Medical Tourism
Canadians have experienced serious complications from cosmetic or elective surgeries abroad.
Legal options for malpractice are limited if seeking cosmetic surgery in the Dominican Republic.
Before medical travel:
- Research thoroughly.
- Use only reputable healthcare providers.
Receiving medical care outside Canada
Keep in Mind…
Travel decisions and personal safety are your responsibility.
Be prepared and do not expect Canadian healthcare standards. Pack a travel health kit, especially outside major cities.
Laws and Culture in the Dominican Republic
You are subject to local laws.
Learn about procedures and assistance if you are arrested or detained abroad.
Dominican law allows detention without charge for up to 48 hours before judicial review.
Judicial processes can take years, with accused individuals typically detained, potentially leading to long prison sentences in difficult conditions.
Overview of the criminal law system in the Dominican Republic
Drugs: Severe Penalties
Penalties for illegal drug possession, use, or trafficking are severe, including lengthy jail sentences and heavy fines.
The Dominican Republic has zero tolerance for illegal drugs, including cannabis. Even small quantities can result in severe penalties.
Drug Trafficking: Tourists at Risk
Drug traffickers have used tourists as unwitting drug couriers.
Unsuspecting individuals transporting illegal drugs, including cannabis, can face criminal charges and long prison sentences.
Pack and carry only your personal belongings and never leave them unattended.
Drugs, alcohol and travel
Identification: Carry it Always
Local authorities may request identification at any time.
- Always carry valid ID or a photocopy.
- Keep a photocopy of your passport and visa/entry stamp in a safe place.
- Keep digital copies of identification and travel documents.
Reporting a Crime: Responsibility of Victims
Crime victims, including foreigners, must report incidents to Dominican police. Contact local tourist police and the Embassy of Canada in Santo Domingo. Prosecution or compensation requires hiring a Dominican lawyer to file a formal complaint and pursue the case. The Embassy can provide a list of attorneys.
Reporting a Car Accident: Police Involvement
Call the police and remain at the accident scene. Drivers involved in accidents causing serious injury or death will be taken into custody pending investigation.
Register accidents at a government accident reporting center. English-speaking agents can assist with police and insurance processes.
If detained after a road accident, request police to contact the Embassy of Canada in Santo Domingo.
Useful links
Arrest and Detention: Consular Assistance
If arrested or detained and desiring consular services, clearly request police or prison officials to contact the Embassy of Canada in Santo Domingo or Global Affairs Canada’s Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa.
Legal Representation: Right to a Lawyer
If arrested or detained in the Dominican Republic, you have the right to a lawyer present during questioning, trial, or hearings. The Embassy of Canada can provide a list of local attorneys.
If you cannot afford a lawyer, the Dominican government can provide a public defender.
A Guide for Canadians Detained Abroad
Dual Citizenship: Potential Limitations
Dual citizenship is recognized in the Dominican Republic.
Canadian-Dominican dual citizens may face limitations on Canadian consular services while in the Dominican Republic and may be subject to different entry/exit requirements.
Dual citizens
International Child Abduction: Hague Convention
The Hague Convention on International Child Abduction applies between Canada and the Dominican Republic, assisting parents with the return of children wrongfully removed or retained in violation of custody rights.
If your child has been wrongfully taken to or is being held in the Dominican Republic, and conditions are met, you can apply for the child’s return through Dominican courts.
In such situations:
- Act quickly.
- Contact your provincial/territorial Central Authority for Hague Convention application information.
- Consult lawyers in Canada and the Dominican Republic to explore legal options.
- Report the situation to the nearest Canadian government office abroad or Global Affairs Canada’s Vulnerable Children’s Consular Unit.
If your child was removed from a country other than Canada, consult a lawyer regarding Hague Convention applicability.
Canadian consular officials cannot interfere in private legal matters or another country’s judicial affairs.
Useful links
Real Estate Investments: Seek Legal Advice
Seek legal counsel in both Canada and the Dominican Republic before purchasing property or making investments. Resolve disputes can be lengthy and costly.
The Embassy of Canada cannot intervene in local legal disputes.
Timeshares: Exercise Caution
Timeshare disputes occur. Sales representatives can be persistent and use pressure tactics.
Before purchasing a timeshare:
- Carefully review the contract.
- Consult a Dominican Republic attorney.
- Provide credit card details only if certain about purchase.
- Keep copies of all correspondence.
Marriage: Legally Recognized in Canada
Marriages legally performed in the Dominican Republic are recognized in Canada.
Marriage overseas factsheet
Driving: International Driving Permit Required
You can drive with a Canadian driver’s license for up to 30 days, but an international driving permit is required.
International Driving Permit
Money: Dominican Peso (DOP)
The Dominican Republic’s currency is the Dominican Peso (DOP).
Canadian currency can be exchanged at some airports and local exchange offices.
Natural Disasters and Climate in the Dominican Republic
Climate Change: Increasing Impacts
Climate change is impacting the Dominican Republic, leading to more frequent extreme weather events that can affect travel plans. Monitor local media for updates.
Hurricane Season: June to November
Hurricanes typically occur from mid-May to the end of November. Even minor tropical storms can rapidly intensify into major hurricanes.
These severe storms pose safety risks and can disrupt essential services. Serious safety risks may arise during hurricanes.
If traveling to coastal areas during hurricane season:
- Be prepared to alter travel plans on short notice, including trip curtailment or cancellation.
- Stay informed about regional weather forecasts.
- Carry emergency contact information for airlines or tour operators.
- Follow advice and instructions from local authorities.
Useful links
Flooding and Landslides: Heavy Rain Risks
Flooding occurs throughout the country due to heavy rains, making roads impassable and damaging infrastructure.
- Exercise caution, especially near rivers.
- Stay informed about regional weather forecasts.
- Follow instructions from local authorities, including evacuation orders.
Emergency operations centre – Dominican Republic government (Spanish only)
Earthquakes and Tsunamis: Seismic Zone
The Dominican Republic is located in an active seismic zone with frequent tremors.
Tsunamis can occur minutes after nearby earthquakes, and risk can persist for hours after the initial tremor. If staying on the coast, familiarize yourself with local tsunami evacuation plans.
